Yoko URANO
A study of snow-melting processes to drive horizontal snow accumulation model with precipitation RADAR
Toshiro KUMAKURA
Horizontally-2-D distribution of a snow water equivalent (SWE) is important to reveal vulnerability of heavy snowfall in non-observing areas. In our past studies, we proposed the 2-D multiple snow-layer model using hourly SWE obtained with the precipitation RADAR and precipitation gauges. On the other hand, we experimentally employed a degree-day-like method as a snow-melting process in 1-D situation in this model.Then, in this study, we expand the 1-D model to the 2-D situation and additionally other two models which use the observed data of sun-shine duration and cloud cover are implemented as radiative energy balance models.
We apply these three methods to the data which observed at Tohkamachi-city, Niigata, JAPAN in winter season from 2007 to 2008. We found the excessive snow-melting water in mid-winter season by using the two energy balance models, which results in the early snow vanishing in spring.
We also found the excess cases or shortage cases of calculating short-wave radiation appear in the special situation of cloud types and cloud cover. Then we attempt to correct the magnitude of short-wave radiation adapting to these special situation and 1.01 times SWE compared with observation is obtained with this correction method in comparison with 1.40 times SWE in the control case.
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