Takafumi KATSUSHIMA
A newly developed numerical model for simulating water flow in snow-pack
Toshirou KUMAKURA
Niigata prefecture, near the coast of Sea of Japan, in Honshu is a heavy snowfall area and deep snow pack is observed in the low elevation area in the winter season. This area has comparatively warm climate and a lot of snow-melting water and rain occurs in the midwinter. Then there is much infiltration of water in the snow-pack. On the other hand, it is shown that the infiltration occur passing water cannel in the snow-pack. But, the snow-pack model adopting this water channel process has not been implemented.
In this study, at the first, we verify the availability of the infiltration process assuming horizontally uniform condition, using already developed snow models. The second, we attempt to make the snow-pack model including the parameterization for the water channel and to validate it.
As a result, we found that assuming horizontally uniform condition is not enough to explain the behavior of the liquid water in the snow-pack. On the other hand, the parameterization of the infiltration process of the water channel is successfully calculating the water behavior to show the good agreement with observed snow layers.
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